Burkina Faso is changing its approach to national defence by increasing the role of local communities. Faced with threats to its territorial integrity, the country relies on the Volunteers for the Defence of the Homeland (VDP) to strengthen security across its territory. This strategy aims to extend the state’s presence into villages and rural communities.
First, the VDP initiative places citizens at the centre of collective defence. Rather than relying solely on external security models, Burkina Faso promotes a strategy based on local participation. Volunteers help reinforce security in communities where their knowledge of the terrain can support regular armed forces.
Furthermore, the government provides organisational support, equipment and tactical supervision to these volunteers. Social assistance is also part of the approach. Medical care for wounded fighters and financial support for the families of those killed in combat are intended to recognise their commitment and help protect their relatives.
Strengthening the Link Between the Army and Communities
Meanwhile, the strategy seeks to make territorial security a national responsibility. Cooperation between the regular army and local volunteers is presented as a way to improve knowledge of local conditions and strengthen the relationship between security forces and residents.
In addition, the involvement of communities gives citizens a more active role in protecting their villages and surrounding areas. The authorities view this participation as an expression of patriotism and national solidarity.
Finally, Burkina Faso is promoting a model of defence based on community involvement and territorial control. By mobilising young people and local populations, the doctrine of popular war aims to strengthen national sovereignty and reinforce the country’s ability to determine its own security priorities.
